Reborn as an Extra
Reborn as an Extra
4.1 / 5 ( 43 votes )
SUMMARY
When he opened his eyes he found that he had been reborn as an extra in a novel, which he finished reading yesterday. On top of that, he has become a student of the same battle academy, where the main plot will happen. Let's accompany Rio on his journey and find out where it leads us.
“i will steal protagonists chances, as for what will happen to main plot if i do so? i don't care!” (Rio)
*The book cover doesn't belongs to me if someone wants me to take it down please contact me directly.*
(MC is selfish and cares most about himself, rather than following the main story he will follow his own will. and there's no harem too.
so, if you like a hero of justice and a plot following type mc with a harem or something then this is not your cup of tea.)
6 Latest Chapters[ Updated an hour ago ]
- Chapter 423: Rio Vs. Seven, A Duel between Master Swordmen... Part-1.
- Chapter 422: The War has started... Part-3.
- Chapter 421: The War has started... Part-2.
- Chapter 420: The War has started... Part-1.
- Chapter 419: ’Absolute Singularity’, A World-ending Disaster...
- Chapter 418: My dream was to... Part-2.
Chapter List
- Chapter 1 1. Transmigration Is Real!?
- Chapter 2 2. Stealing Feels Really Good...
- Chapter 3 3. The Elemental Sword Art
- Chapter 4 First Day In The Academy!
- Chapter 5 Introduction
- Chapter 6 First Event
- Chapter 7 Fade’s POV
- Chapter 8 Saving Lia The Villainess...
- Chapter 9 Meeting Lia Again...
- Chapter 10 Influence Of Luck
- Chapter 11 Face Slapping By Fade
- Chapter 12 Progress And Unexpected Surprises!
- Chapter 13 Was Lia Always A Chatterbox?
- Chapter 14 Fooling Around With The Villainess..
- Chapter 15 A Strange Dream...
- Chapter 16 S-Rank Dungeon Opens!
- Chapter 17 Retreat!
- Chapter 18 Lia’s POV
- Chapter 19 Named Monster: - ’Karpil’
- Chapter 20 Stealing Sessions: Continued!
- Chapter 21 The Wish For Strength!
- Chapter 22 Skill Information’s And A Mystery!
- Chapter 23 New Event: The New Year!
- Chapter 24 Offer From A Villainess!
- Chapter 25 Old Memories....
- Chapter 26 First Talk With Fade!
- Chapter 27 System Crash And Romance!
- Chapter 28 27.1 Extra ...Power Intro! (Skippable)
- Chapter 29 New Year(Part-1)- Start!
- Chapter 30 New Year(Part-2)-Link Vs Rio!
- Chapter 31 New Year (Part-3)- End!
- Chapter 32 Link, Back To Senses...
- Chapter 33 Who Is Riya?
- Chapter 34 Father And Children Talks...
- Chapter 35 Rio-Professional Thief (Stealing Session)
- Chapter 36 Plot-Holes Can Damage Brains...
- Chapter 37 Unexpected Guest!
- Chapter 38 Personalities And Characteristics... (Skippable)
- Chapter 39 Butterfly Effect?
- Chapter 40 Kevin Flash- The Soul Splitter!
- Chapter 41 Was This Really Made By Father?
- Chapter 42 Betrayed By A Tree!?
- Chapter 43 Dreams...
- Chapter 44 Water Can Be Dangerous Too...
- Chapter 45 The Formless Weapon!
- Chapter 46 Back To Home!
- Chapter 47 A Particular Book...
- Chapter 48 An Indistructable Item- Grimoire
- Chapter 49 A Sweet And Sour Combination. Link X Riya
- Chapter 50 A Peaceful Day- Rio X Lia
- Chapter 51 Childhood Sweetheart Of Ms. Anna!
- Chapter 52 Rio’s First Defeat, Lia The Mad Sword Demon...
- Chapter 53 Jin The Devil...
- Chapter 54 Comparing Waifus...
- Chapter 55 The Book Incident- Fade’s POV
- Chapter 56 Power Of Plot Armor-Turn Wrong Into Right...
- Chapter 57 The Mysterious Past And Future...
- Chapter 58 Steal And Copy
- Chapter 59 Final Exams- Start
- Chapter 60 Teams And Partners...
- Chapter 61 The World Is Cruel...
- Chapter 62 Blackout...
- Chapter 63 Violent Introduction!
- Chapter 64 A Certain Disposable Sidekick...
- Chapter 65 Incoming Dangers...
- Chapter 66 Hatred - The Worst Feeling
- Chapter 67 Enemy Appears!
- Chapter 68 Jiang’s POV (Skippable)
- Chapter 69 Liam Moves On...
- Chapter 70 Torture Fade!
- Chapter 71 Battle Is About To Start!
- Chapter 72 Jiang’s Death, Demonification!
- Chapter 73 The Divine Spirit, Kawaki!
- Chapter 74 Lia’s Is Not A Villainess For Show!
- Chapter 75 Kai The Fluffball!
- Chapter 76 Anna Vs Durik!
- Chapter 77 Dungeon Falls Apart!
- Chapter 78 Final Exams-Ends
- Chapter 79 Jin’s Backstory Part-1
- Chapter 80 Jin’s Backstory: Part-2
- Chapter 81 Shock The World!
- Chapter 82 Enlightenment And World Authority!
- Chapter 83 Reasons And Aftermath!
- Chapter 84 Double Date: Part-1
- Chapter 85 Double Date:Part-2
- Chapter 86 Rio Became A Senior!
- Chapter 87 New Academic Year Starts...
- Chapter 88 What is SSA...
- Chapter 89 The General’s dilemma...
- Chapter 90 Group survival test. Part-1
- Chapter 91 Group survival test. Part-2.
- Chapter 92 Group survival test. Part-3.
- Chapter 93 Group Survival Test. Part-4.
- Chapter 94 Group Survival Test. Part-5.
- Chapter 95 Group Survival Test. Part-6.
- Chapter 96 Group Survival Test. Part-7.
- Chapter 97 Group Survival Test. Part-8.
- Chapter 98 The face-slap...
- Chapter 99 The Chase. Part-1.
- Chapter 100 Chase. Part-2.
- Chapter 101 The Chase Part-3
- Chapter 102 The Chase Part-4.
- Chapter 103 The Sword King! Part-1
- Chapter 104 The Sword King! Part-2.
- Chapter 105 The Sword King! Part-3.
- Chapter 106 The Sword King! Part-4.
- Chapter 107 Rio Flash and God’s Grace... Part-1.
- Chapter 108 Rio Flash and God’s Grace... Part-2.
- Chapter 109 Rio Flash and God’s Grace... Part-3.
- Chapter 110 A Leisurely day...
- Chapter 111 A Stormy Day...
- Chapter 112 A happy day... Rio’s Birthday!
- Chapter 113 Rio’s Fragmented Dreams...
- Chapter 114 Ambient Silver...
- Chapter 115 Stealing Session! Part-1.
- Chapter 116 Stealing Session! Part-2.
- Chapter 117 Stealing Session! Part-3.
- Chapter 118 Stealing Session! Part-4.
- Chapter 119 SS-ranker’s are weird people...
- Chapter 120 A Prank!?
- Chapter 121 New hurdles...
- Chapter 122 Explanatory Ch: The awesome Link. (Skippable)
- Chapter 123 Food is King! Rio x Lia.
- Chapter 124 The Misunderstood Riya
- Chapter 125 The Dungeon of Maya! Part-1.
- Chapter 126 The Dungeon of Maya! Part-2.
- Chapter 127 The Dungeon of Maya! Part-3.
- Chapter 128 The Shouting Link...
- Chapter 129 Rio, A Best-Friend...
- Chapter 130 Roommates and Friendships!
- Chapter 131 Just One Candy...
- Chapter 132 Useless Fade...
- Chapter 133 Damian and the three mystic orbs, part-1.
- Chapter 134 Damian and the three mystic orbs. Part-2.
- Chapter 135 Damian and the three mystic orbs, Part-3.
- Chapter 136 Damian and the three mystic orbs, Part-4
- Chapter 137 Damian and the three mystic orbs, Part-5
- Chapter 138 Damian’s Sacrifice, Part-1.
- Chapter 139 Damian’s Sacrifice. Part-2.
- Chapter 140 Damian’s Sacrifice. Part-3.
- Chapter 141 A Broken Skill and a forgotten wish... Part-1.
- Chapter 142 A broken skill and a forgotten wish. Part-2
- Chapter 143 A Broken Skill and A Forgotten Wish... Part-3.
- Chapter 144 A Broken Skill and a forgotten wish... Part-4.
- Chapter 145 A Broken Skill and a forgotten wish... Part-5.
- Chapter 146 A Swift Victory...
- Chapter 147 A Queen’s Sorrow... Part-1.
- Chapter 148 A Queen’s Sorrow... Part-2.
- Chapter 149 A Queen’s Sorrow... Part-3.
- Chapter 150 The Crying Fade and the resentful Queen...
- Chapter 151 The story of a Queen, Ends...
- Chapter 152 Uncovering an evil scheme... Part-1.
- Chapter 153 Uncovering an Evil Scheme... Part-2.
- Chapter 154 How to bully Fade and Link together? (Bonus )
- Chapter 155 Uncovering an evil scheme... Part-3. (Rio x Lia)
- Chapter 156 Uncovering an evil scheme... Part-4.
- Chapter 157 Uncovering an evil scheme... Part-5.
- Chapter 158 The Battle for Perfection... Part-1.
- Chapter 159 The Battle for Perfection... part-2.
- Chapter 160 The Battle for Perfection... Part-3
- Chapter 161 Liam, that one annoying friend...
- Chapter 162 Exiting the dungeon...
- Chapter 163 Rio’s cooking... (Rio x Lia)
- Chapter 164 A Late Confession! (Link X Riya).
- Chapter 165 Liam’s backstory... (Liam X Ellie)
- Chapter 166 Fade’s plot armor and Liam’s memories...
- Chapter 167 An empty smartphone! (Rio x Lia) (Caution- Extra sweet)
- Chapter 168 The Third test.
- Chapter 169 Damian’s determination...
- Chapter 170 Visiting a past that was forgotten...
- Chapter 171 To Oaklum! Part-1.
- Chapter 172 To Oaklum! Part-2.
- Chapter 173 To Oaklum! Part-3.
- Chapter 174 Was it all Meaningless?
- Chapter 175 The Beach episode! Part-1.
- Chapter 176 The Beach episode! Part-2.
- Chapter 177 The Beach episode! Part-3.
- Chapter 178 The Beach episode! Part-4.
- Chapter 179 The Beach Episode! Part-5.
- Chapter 180 The Path of Revenge... Part-1.
- Chapter 181 The Path of revenge... Part-2.
- Chapter 182 The Tree of Blood! Part-1.
- Chapter 183 The Tree of Blood! Part-2.
- Chapter 184 The Tree of Blood! Part-3.
- Chapter 185 The Tree of blood! Part-4.
- Chapter 186 The Tree of Blood! Part-5.
- Chapter 187 A Hasty End... Part-1.
- Chapter 188 A Hasty End... Part-2.
- Chapter 189 A Hasty End... Part-3.
- Chapter 190 Night in Oaklum... (Couples X dates).
- Chapter 191 News and tea...
- Chapter 192 Link likes Mango Juice?
- Chapter 193 The Farewell Party... Part-1.
- Chapter 194 The Farewell party... Part-2.
- Chapter 195 The Farewell Party... Part-3.
- Chapter 196 The Dark Nightmare... Part-1.
- Chapter 197 The Dark Nightmare... Part-2.
- Chapter 198 The Dark Nightmare... Part-3.
- Chapter 199 The Dark Nightmare... Part-4.
- Chapter 200 Aftermath... Part-1.
- Chapter 201 Aftermath... Part-2.
- Chapter 202 Aftermath... Part-3.
- Chapter 203 Determination of the Weak.
- Chapter 204 Reunion... Part-1.
- Chapter 205 Reunion... Part-2.
- Chapter 206 Aaron’s Fate...
- Chapter 207 Departure. (End of Volume-2.)
- Chapter 208 Hope in Abyss. Part-1.
- Chapter 209 Hope in Abyss. Part-2.
- Chapter 210 Uncle Rex!?
- Chapter 211 Why are you asking me for that?
- Chapter 212 The burden of the strongest...
- Chapter 213 James, the schemer!
- Chapter 214 People live eternally through memories...
- Chapter 215 Remnants of a bygone past. Part-1.
- Chapter 216 Remnants of a bygone past. Part-2.
- Chapter 217 To The Elven Empire! Part-1.
- Chapter 218 To the Elven Empire! Part-2.
- Chapter 219 To The Elven Empire! Part-3.
- Chapter 220 To The Elven Empire! Part-4.
- Chapter 221 To The Elven Empire! Part-5.
- Chapter 222 World-Lore. (Extra-)(Skippable)
- Chapter 223 Fix a broken ’Path’...? Part-1.
- Chapter 224 Fix a Broken ’Path’...? Part-2.
- Chapter 225 Fix a broken ’Path’...? Part-3.
- Chapter 226 Redemption of a depressed prince... Part-1
- Chapter 227 Redemption of a depressed prince... Part-2.
- Chapter 228 An insight on a world without Rio... (Skippable)
- Chapter 229 The Meeting of Gods! Part-1.
- Chapter 230 The Meeting of Gods! Part-2.
- Chapter 231 The Meeting of Gods! Part-3.
- Chapter 232 The Meeting of Gods! Part-4.
- Chapter 233 The Meeting of Gods! Part-5.
- Chapter 234 Days of Leisure... Part-1.
- Chapter 235 Days of Leisure... Part-2.
- Chapter 236 Days of Leisure... Part-3.
- Chapter 237 Night Party at the Royal Palace... Part-1.
- Chapter 238 Night Party at the Royal Palace... Part-2.
- Chapter 239 The Tournament of Supreme talents, Starts! Part-1.
- Chapter 240 The Tournament of Supreme Talents, Starts! Part-2.
- Chapter 241 The Tournament of Supreme Talents, Starts! Part-3.
- Chapter 242 ’Mentality’ Of those at the ’Peak’. (Skippable)
- Chapter 243 Team Battles! Part-1.
- Chapter 244 Team Battles! Part-2.
- Chapter 245 Team Battles! Part-3.
- Chapter 246 Team Battles! Part-4.
- Chapter 247 Team Battles! Part-5.
- Chapter 248 Team Battles! Part-6.
- Chapter 249 Team Battles! Part-7.
- Chapter 250 The Essence of Healing... Part-1.
- Chapter 251 The Essence of healing... Part-2.
- Chapter 252 The Essence of Healing... Part-3.
- Chapter 253 The Essence of Healing... Part-4.
- Chapter 254 The Essence of Healing... Part-5.
- Chapter 255 The Essence of Healing... Part-6.
- Chapter 256 The Essence of Healing... Part-7.
- Chapter 257 Heart of Eternal Nirvana.
- Chapter 258 Arner, The Child of Thunder... Part-1.
- Chapter 259 Arner, The Child of Thunder... Part-2.
- Chapter 260 Arner, The Child of Thunder... Part-3.
- Chapter 261 Round two... Part-1.
- Chapter 262 Round two... Part-2.
- Chapter 263 ’Path’ to Spiritual Ascension! Part-1.
- Chapter 264 ’Path’ to Spiritual Ascension! Part-2.
- Chapter 265 ’Path’ to Spiritual Ascension! Part-3.
- Chapter 266 ’Path’ to Spiritual Ascension! Part-4.
- Chapter 267 ’Path’ to Spiritual Ascension! Part-5.
- Chapter 268 Rio Vs. Lia, The Battle for Acknowledgement... Part-1.
- Chapter 269 Rio Vs. Lia, The Battle for Acknowledgement... Part-2.
- Chapter 270 Rio Vs. Lia, The Battle for Acknowledgement... Part-3.
- Chapter 271 Rio Vs. Lia, The Battle for Acknowledgement... Part-4.
- Chapter 272 Liam, The Summoner of the Millennia! Part-1.
- Chapter 273 Liam, The Summoner of the Millennia! Part-2.
- Chapter 274 Liam, The Summoner of the Millennia! Part-3.
- Chapter 275 Liam, The Summoner of the Millennia! Part-4.
- Chapter 276 Liam, The Summoner of the Millennia! Part-5.
- Chapter 277 Liam, The Summoner of the Millennia! Part-6.
- Chapter 278 Link, The Menace... Part-1.
- Chapter 279 Link, The Menace... Part-2.
- Chapter 280 Link, The Menace... Part-3.
- Chapter 281 Rio as a tea shop owner?
- Chapter 282 Link Vs. Rio, The Battle Of Absolute Talents! Part-1.
- Chapter 283 Link Vs. Rio, The Battle Of Absolute Talents! Part-2.
- Chapter 284 Link Vs. Rio, The Battle Of Absolute Talents! Part-3.
- Chapter 285 Link Vs. Rio, The Battle Of Absolute Talents! Part-4.
- Chapter 286 Link Vs. Rio, The Battle Of Absolute Talents! Part-5.
- Chapter 287 Link and Rio, Eternal Rivals... Part-1.
- Chapter 288 Link and Rio, Eternal Rivals... Part-2.
- Chapter 289 Link and Rio, Eternal Rivals... Part-3.
- Chapter 290 The Award Ceremony! Part-1.
- Chapter 291 The Award Ceremony! Part-2.
- Chapter 292 The Award Ceremony! Part-3.
- Chapter 293 The Award Ceremony! Part-4.
- Chapter 294 The Award Ceremony! Part-5.
- Chapter 295 Returning to home... Part-1.
- Chapter 296 Returning to Home... Part-2.
- Chapter 297 Returning to Home... Part-3.
- Chapter 298 Returning to Home... Part-4.
- Chapter 299 The Interview
- Chapter 300 She’s Mine!
- Chapter 301 Future Plans... (End of Volume-3.)
- Chapter 302 Awakener’s Badge.
- Chapter 303 Everyone below rank SS is just an ’Ant’...
- Chapter 304: A trip to the eastern border... Part-1.
- Chapter 305: A trip to the eastern border... Part-2.
- Chapter 306: A Prophecy?
- Chapter 307: Gained an information network...
- Chapter 308: The Heaven’s chosen... Part-1.
- Chapter 309: The Heaven’s Chosen... Part-2.
- Chapter 310: The Heaven’s Chosen... Part-3.
- Chapter 311: A Principal’s Troubles...
- Chapter 312: A Demi-God’s wish is a ’Miracle’ itself.
- Chapter 313: Acceptence and forgiveness...
- Chapter 314: To the principle’s office again?
- Chapter 315: Thoughts on Rio...
- Chapter 316: What has been lost and what he might lose...
- Chapter 317: I am proud of you...
- Chapter 318: Changed Lives...
- Chapter 319: Mimic again?
- Chapter 320: The Dragon Valley! Part-1.
- Chapter 321: The Dragon Valley! Part-2.
- Chapter 322: The Dragon Valley! Part-3.
- Chapter 323: Selain, The princess of Cosmos... Part-1.
- Chapter 324: Selain, The Princess of Cosmos... Part-2.
- Chapter 325: Malfunction?
- Chapter 326: Forest of Chaotic Illusions! Part-1.
- Chapter 327: Forest of Chaotic Illusions! Part-2.
- Chapter 328: Forest of Chaotic Illusions! Part-3.
- Chapter 329: Forest of Chaotic Illusions! Part-4.
- Chapter 330: Forest of Chaotic Illusions! Part-5.
- Chapter 331: Forest of Chaotic Illusions! Part-6.
- Chapter 332: Forest of Chaotic Illusions! Part-7.
- Chapter 333: The True Meaning of Healing Magic! Part-1.
- Chapter 334: The True Meaning of Healing Magic! Part-2.
- Chapter 335: The True Meaning of Healing Magic! Part-3.
- Chapter 336: Proof of Determination... Part-1.
- Chapter 337: Proof of Determination... Part-2.
- Chapter 338: Proof of Determination... Part-3.
- Chapter 339: Proof of Determination... Part-4.
- Chapter 340: Proof of Determination... Part-5.
- Chapter 341: Proof of Determination... Part-6.
- Chapter 342: Sword Intent, a blessing or a curse? Part-1.
- Chapter 343: Sword Intent, a blessing or a curse? Part-2.
- Chapter 344: Sword Intent, a blessing or a curse? Part-3.
- Chapter 345: Against a Demi-god! Part-1.
- Chapter 346: Against a Demi-god! Part-2.
- Chapter 347: Hope of the Universe... Part-1.
- Chapter 348: Hope of the Universe... Part-2.
- Chapter 349: Hope of the Universe... Part-3.
- Chapter 350: A Friendly Negotiation between Demi-Gods... Part-1.
- Chapter 351: A Friendly Negotiation between Demi-Gods... Part-2.
- Chapter 352: A Friendly Negotiation between Demi-Gods... Part-3.
- Chapter 353: A Friendly Negotiation between Demi-Gods... Part-4.
- Chapter 354: Overprotective? Me?
- Chapter 355: A smiling Rio!?
- Chapter 356: Ordinary days in the Festival... Part-1.
- Chapter 357: Ordinary days in the Festival... Part-2.
- Chapter 358: Ordinary days in the Festival... Part-3.
- Chapter 359: Ordinary days in the Festival... Part-4.
- Chapter 360: Rio Vs. Selain, An unfair battle... Part-1.
- Chapter 361: Rio Vs. Selain, An unfair battle... Part-2.
- Chapter 362: He’s too OP!
- Chapter 363: The Fireworks show... Part-1.
- Chapter 364: The Fireworks show... Part-2.
- Chapter 365: Prototype S16ir112... Part-1.
- Chapter 366: Prototype S16ir112... Part-2.
- Chapter 367: Prototype S16ir112... Part-3.
- Chapter 368: Prototype S16ir112... Part-4.
- Chapter 369: The Practice Trial... Part-1.
- Chapter 370: The Practice Trial... Part-2.
- Chapter 371: The Practice Trial... Part-3.
- Chapter 372: The Practice Trial... Part-4.
- Chapter 373: The Practice Trail... Part-5
- Chapter 374: A stubborn promise to Elisia...
- Chapter 375: The Astral Form...
- Chapter 376: Battle of supreme swords... Part-1.
- Chapter 377: Battle of Supreme Swords... Part-2.
- Chapter 378: Battle of Supreme Swords... Part-3.
- Chapter 379: Battle of Supreme Swords... Part-4.
- Chapter 380: Battle of Supreme Swords... Part-5.
- Chapter 381: The Sentient One... Part-1.
- Chapter 382: The Sentient One... Part-2.
- Chapter 383: The Sentient One... Part-3.
- Chapter 384: The Practice Trial Ends...
- Chapter 385: The Puzzle with missing pieces... Part-1.
- Chapter 386: The Puzzle with missing pieces... Part-2.
- Chapter 387: The Puzzle with missing pieces... Part-3.
- Chapter 388: The Gentle Sword Intent! (Rio X Lia)
- Chapter 389: Realization...
- Chapter 390: A healer who gives candy as medicine...
- Chapter 391: A Picnic of great memories... Part-1.
- Chapter 392: A Picnic of great memories... Part-2.
- Chapter 393: A Picnic of great memories... Part-3.
- Chapter 394: Farewell for now... (End of Volume-4.)
- Chapter 395: Back to home... Part-1.
- Chapter 396: Back to home... Part-2.
- Chapter 397: The opportunity... Part-1.
- Chapter 398: The Opportunity... Part-2.
- Chapter 399: The Path to Ascension appears... Part-1.
- Chapter 400: The Path to Ascension appears... Part-2.
- Chapter 401: The Chronos Incident Begins...
- Chapter 402: Moments before disaster... (Skippable)
- Chapter 403: Riya!? What are you doing!? Part-1.
- Chapter 404: Riya!? What are you doing!? Part-2.
- Chapter 405: Shockwaves of the declaration of war...
- Chapter 406: An Extremely Unfair Battle... Part-1.
- Chapter 407: An Extremely Unfair Battle... Part-2.
- Chapter 408: An Extremely Unfair Battle... Part-3.
- Chapter 409: The Supreme Legendary Technique... Part-1.
- Chapter 410: The Supreme Legendary Technique... Part-2.
- Chapter 411: The Supreme Legendary Technique... Part-3.
- Chapter 412: For my ’Freedom’... Part-1.
- Chapter 413: For my ’Freedom’... Part-2.
- Chapter 414: Battle of Supreme beings... Part-1.
- Chapter 415: Battle of Supreme Beings... Part-2.
- Chapter 416: Battle of Supreme Beings... Part-3.
- Chapter 417: My dream was to... Part-1.
- Chapter 418: My dream was to... Part-2.
- Chapter 419: ’Absolute Singularity’, A World-ending Disaster...
- Chapter 420: The War has started... Part-1.
- Chapter 421: The War has started... Part-2.
- Chapter 422: The War has started... Part-3.
- Chapter 423: Rio Vs. Seven, A Duel between Master Swordmen... Part-1.